CORPUS JURIS SECUNDUM vol 25 section 344, Federal District Courts are courts of record. A court of record has the power to fine or imprison for contempt. It proceeds under the common law, not a statute or a code. The tribunal is independent of the magistrate. - No statutes, cops, lawyers, or judge that is anything more than a spectator, a referee. - Amendment VII: In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise reexamined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. - Did you catch that? Common law takes the judge out of it, and makes him a referee, only. If he acts as anything else, warn him, and then sue him personally for damages to you in YOUR suit.