Before America became Arabized in the last decade, we referred to these in English as "dust storms."

From Dictionary.com: haboob –noun
a thick dust storm or sandstorm that blows in the deserts of North Africa and Arabia.

From Encyclopedia Brittanica: haboob
A strong wind that occurs along the southern edges of the Sahara in The Sudan and is associated with large sandstorms and duststorms and may be accompanied by thunderstorms. It usually lasts about three hours, is most common during the summer, and may blow from any direction. A haboob may transport huge quantities of sand or dust, which move as a dense wall that can reach a height of 900 metres (about 3,000 feet). The term haboob is taken from the Arabic word "habb," meaning wind.

I guess Phoenix has been moved from the Sonoran desert to the Sahara.