This is an update to the ongoing progress with 3D printed weapons. 

The eyes of the world are on the innovation of 3D printing. Naturally, whenever a new technology is created that offers open-source DIY opportunities to the average individual, it is going to make governments and their protected corporate interests very nervous.

Such is the case with 3D weapons manufacturing. Defense Distributed has led the way with their innovations, sparking others to provide their own offerings. Their progress, as well as their subsequent hindering by the US Department of Defense Trade Controls, has been documented by a series of video updates below.

Various versions of pistols and rifles have already been printed and successfully test fired. So far, "The Grizzly" pistol has managed to get off 14 single shots. Now, designer Proteus has uploaded their files for a semi-automatic pistol to Defcad.com and Fosscad Twitter. Specs are offered below.

The open-source nature of 3D printing is poised to render anti-gun legislation nearly obsolete. For those who believe that 3D printing can be restricted, futurist and a director of engineering at Google, Ray Kurzweil, recently noted that it will soon be possible to print an entire 3D printer from a 3D printer, at a very low cost ... globally. Then what?

From the DEFCAD Forum (with additional images):

I have designed a .22 LR Semiautomatic firearm. Unlike former designs such as the Shuty, this design uses almost all plastic parts (All non-plastic parts currently except the FCG cannot physically be plastic or a semiautomatic will not function) and uses weights to bring the bolt to a correct weight. You will need the following parts: 

*3D Printer with ABS capability 

*AR-15 FCG 

*AR-15 Buffer Spring 

*Ruger 10/22 Mag Spring 

*AR-15 Firing Pin 

*1x8mm metal insert (Case extraction) 

*.44 bullets to weigh down bolt (More info in the .readme) 

The barrel uses an insert around the case, but then the rest of it has a plastic bore, which means it is pre-rifled and therefore complies with the ATF. 

Magazines available in 10 and 30 round versions. NOTE, although they are based off of 10/22 magazines, they MUST be printed as they contain a built in mag-catch and will NOT work in a 10/22 rifle. 

Credit to nilsson for original 10/22 magazine design and Shanrilivan for the part of the frame that holds the FCG, which was derived from the Charon v3.0. 

Suggestions are welcome, testers even more so.

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Previous Update: 

Legal difficulties aside, progress continues. The Lulz Liberator built upon the work of Defense Distributed and entered into the 3D handgun market as the cheapest yet produced at just $25.

A prototype for the first fully 3D printed rifle followed. Now, just a short while later, "The Grizzly" is moving a bit closer to being worthy of the name modeled after the Canadian-built Sherman Tanks of WWII.

In fact, development is moving so fast that it prompted a frightened Huffington Post to declare:

3D-printed guns can be built entirely in one's home without a license, and the more advanced the guns get, the more dangerous 3D printing becomes. (Source)

The meaning of "dangerous" becomes debatable. If by dangerous they mean open-source self-defense for all, thus empowering responsible individuals to protect themselves against criminals and a rogue government ... then, yes, dangerous indeed.

The latest demo from the creator shows solid improvement, increasing to 14 shots of Winchester Dynapoints from just 1 in the first video they posted. According to creator ThreeD Ukulele, files will be available soon for download.

Creator "Matthew" explained to The Verge some of the upgrades to the original Grizzly that led to the vast improvement in performance:

Matthew said he improved upon his first design of the Grizzly by making the barrel 50 percent larger, increasing the size of the receiver (the main portion that holds the firing mechanism), and adding groves to the inside of the barrel. (Source)

Please read the chronicle below to understand the pitched battle between those who desire freedom and the regulators who would have us believe that this technology is a slippery slope down the path to utter anarchy.

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Previous Updates:



Similar to the original Liberator, it didn't last long: the barrel and receiver both split after one shot. Not quite a Sherman Tank, yet. However, it does indicate slight progress and, perhaps more importantly, that the open-source nature of WikiWeapons will continue spurring interest and further development.

As noted by Extreme Tech:

Its fragility isn’t surprising given that the rifle is made from the same quality of plastic, but as seen in the Lulz Liberator it’s no more difficult to print in tougher materials. And with laser sintering patents expiring soon, the material toughness available to household skunkworks will be going up exponentially. Once printing in metal is affordable — and it will happen soon — this burgeoning DIY “defense” industry will explode. Pun intended.

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Previous Updates:

The Liberator to the Web following a successful test fire as seen in previous reports and videos below, as well as their latest video seen here. As Defense Distributed states: 3D printing's first killer app has arrived...



However, it didn't take long for the State Department to demand that Defense Distributed had to remove the blueprints from its website. Nevertheless, the genie was already out of the bottle with tens of thousands of downloads already registered, and many sites continuing to offer the product.

Now, just a couple of weeks later, two Wisconsin engineers are showing that not only is a 3D-printed handgun a viable alternative, it can be produced at a significant reduction in price, perhaps creating a new challenge to regulators who do not wish to see widespread access to the technology. Additional report and video below....

Defense Distributed's 3D handgun, The Liberator, was the first of its kind; and founder Cody Wilson always made a point to stress the political motivation, as well as the motivation to spread the concept. He may have done that more quickly than expected. Whereas Wilson's gun was produced on an $8,000 Stratasys Dimension SST industrial printer, and the gun still only lasted one shot, the new weapon (which sports the name The Lulz Liberator) was produced for far less cost on a consumer-grade printer with better results. Forbes reports:

One evening late last week, a Wisconsin engineer who calls himself “Joe” test-fired a new version of that handgun printed on a $1,725 Lulzbot A0-101 consumer-grade 3D printer, far cheaper than the one used by Defense Distributed. Joe, who asked that I not reveal his full name, loaded the weapon with .380 caliber rounds and fired it nine times, using a string to pull its trigger for safety.

Furthermore, the entire gun was created with just $25 worth of generic plastic. Forbes details a few more specifics ... and challenges:

Joe’s printed gun contains a few more pieces of metal hardware than the original Liberator. Rather than print plastic pins to hold the hammer in the body, for instance, he used hardware store screws. Like Defense Distributed’s gun, the Lulz Liberator also uses a metal nail for a firing pin, and includes a chunk of non-functional steel designed to make it detectable with a metal detector so that it complies with the Undetectable Firearms Act. The rifling that Joe added to the barrel is designed to skirt the National Firearms Act, which regulates improvised weapons and those with smooth-bored barrels.

Although the gun produced 9 successful shots, it did misfire, which was primarily attributed to the screws weakening, as well as expansion of the ammo cartridge. Nevertheless, this is an extremely quick advancement and cost reduction in this technology and bears close watching. Wilson has previously stated that his aim was to get this technology down into the $1,000 range. It seems that the dawn of inexpensive WikiWeapons has arrived. In the wake of the State Department crackdown on Defense Distributed, the question now becomes: how to effectively release the blueprints to the masses . . . .

Here is the video of the Lulz Liberator test fires:



End of update, previous updates below...
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Defense Distributed founder, Cody Wilson, recently granted Forbes a behind-the-scenes look at how his new creation -- The Liberator -- will function:

All sixteen pieces of the Liberator prototype were printed in ABS plastic with a Dimension SST printer from 3D printing company Stratasys, with the exception of a single nail that’s used as a firing pin. The gun is designed to fire standard handgun rounds, using interchangeable barrels for different calibers of ammunition. (Source)

Politicians such as Steve Israel are responding to Cody Wilson's self-described "crypto-anarchist" political motivations by introducing legislation to criminalize this technology. But this is precisely the tension that Wilson would like to introduce:

This is an exercise in political theater, to demonstrate that technology is empowering individuals by stripping governments of the ability to enforce restrictions. Yes, you can make guns in a host of ways, including the similarly advanced technology of CNC machines. But 3D printing is a hot and increasingly accessible technology that has been specifically called out by the president. To use it to so easily defeat restrictions (or outright prohibitions) is to demonstrate the limits of the coercive power of the state. (Source)

Wilson has once again drawn Israel's attention according to the latest update from Forbes:

Congressman Steve Israel issued a press release Friday responding to this story: “Security checkpoints, background checks, and gun regulations will do little good if criminals can print plastic firearms at home and bring those firearms through metal detectors with no one the wiser,” his statement reads. “When I started talking about the issue of plastic firearms months ago, I was told the idea of a plastic gun is science-fiction. Now that this technology is proven, we need to act now to extend the ban [on] plastic firearms.”

However, Israel's comments don't address the fact that despite Wilson's anarchist leanings, he has complied every step of the way, including the issue of metal detectors by adhering to current requirements. Again, from Forbes.

The group added a six ounce chunk of steel into the body to make it detectable by metal detectors in order to comply with the Undetectable Firearms Act. In March, the group also obtained a federal firearms license, making it a legal gun manufacturer.

So far, "the system" doesn't have much of an answer for Defense Distributed's inventions and the increasing demand for their latest blueprints.

Wilson's full battery of tests before officially releasing The Liberator seems to be going according to plan. BBC reporter Rebecca Morelle was on site in Austin, Texas this past Saturday. Her report can be found in the video below.


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Previous updates:

A new documentary features Defense Distributed and its founder, Cody Wilson. It is an interesting look at the technology itself, as well as the philosophy behind making 3D-printed weapons available to as many people as possible even in the wake of the gun demonization, executive orders, and political turmoil which followed the mass shootings of 2012. Our chronicle of the controversy surrounding Defense Distributed, as well as their victories, follow the documentary. From the video creators:

This is a story about the rapid evolution of a technology that has forced the American legal system to play catch up. Cody Wilson, a 24-year-old University of Texas Law student, is an advocate for the open source production of firearms using 3D printing technology. This makes him a highly controversial figure on both sides of the gun control issue. MOTHERBOARD sat down with Cody in Austin, Texas to talk about the Constitution, the legal system, and to watch him make and test-fire a 3D-printed gun.

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Previous updates:

Following on the heels of their homage to gun control advocates such as Andrew Cuomo and Dianne Feinstein, the ATF has granted Defense Distributed the Type 7 Federal Firearms License that the company had been seeking over the last 6 months. However, there is one more step before they will be able to go full throttle:

Wilson will not actually be able to manufacture and sell guns until he receives a Class 2 Special Occupational Taxpayer add-on to his FFL. (Source)

As you will read below, the corporate media has begun to focus on Defense Distributed's founder Cody Wilson and his political views and statements in what could be the start of a serious campaign of demonization.

Wilson explains to ArsTechnica what the newly obtained Type 7 License enables him to do:

"The big thing it allows me to do is that it makes me [a manufacturer] under the law—everything that manufacturers are allowed to do," he told Ars. "I can sell some of the pieces that we've been making. I can do firearms transactions and transport."

The license is pictured below:

Visit the Defense Distributed Facebook Page Here

Ars details the next step in the licensing process that will propel Defense Distributed into full-fledged manufacturing and sales, even for automatic weapons:

Currently, Wilson said he will not actually begin manufacturing and selling guns until he receives an “add-on” to his FFL, known as a Class 2 Special Occupational Taxpayer (SOT), as licensed under federal law (PDF). This would allow him to manufacture and deal a broader range of firearms under the National Firearms Act. The Class 2 SOT would grant Wilson the ability to manufacture, for example, a fully-automatic rifle. Wilson applied for the SOT on Saturday and expects to receive approval within a few weeks.

However, some of Cody Wilson's previous statements, which can be read below, were directed toward specific politicians, including his brash guarantee of success in thwarting any and all gun control measures by stating "good f---ing luck." In so doing, he seems to have drawn some ire from the mainstream media.

NBC chose to title this news, which they sourced from The Verge's dryly titled "Defense Distributed gets license to make and sell 3D printed guns," to something quite different altogether, "ATF grants 'crypto-anarchist' license for 3-D printing of guns" - highlighting part of the description from his Facebook page. The article goes on to characterize Defense Distributed as a "loosely organized group" where Wilson "IS" the group. 3D printing is couched in the following manner:

some of its more notable efforts so far have been for medical, space and scientific projects, including helping repair broken bones and building spacecraft parts, as well as commercial efforts including athletic shoes.

The implication appearing to be that 3D weapons manufacturing is not to be included in that list of beneficent uses. It remains to be seen if other mainstream outlets will follow suit and make 3D weapons out to be the next great threat to freedom, rather than one of the cornerstones of preserving it.

updated 3/19
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The latest from Defense Distributed is in honor of gun-control proponent, Dianne Feinstein. Founder of Defense Distributed, Cody Wilson, states his reasoning for offering their latest creation:

“We want to commemorate a personal failure of Feinstein’s to take away semi-automatic weapons,” Wilson, who is also a law student in Austin, Texas, told The Huffington Post. (Source) 

The ongoing homage to the futility of full gun-control follows an earlier AR-15 magazine called the "Cuomo."

Defense Distributed has consistently lashed out at attempts to offer legislation to ban 3D weapons printing, such as that of New York Congressman, Steve Israel. Congressman Israel has sought to criminalize 3D weapons, to which Cody Wilson responded succinctly, "good f***ing luck". Their latest video offers evidence that efforts are moving forward...



The early media attention resulted in Wikiweapon company Stratasys, Inc. seizing Defense Distributed's equipment and taking issue with their decentralized methods. But the genie is already out of the bottle -- downloads have topped 500,000. After some initial stutter-stepping with structural failures, their latest incarnations heralds the arrival of 3D printed semi-automatic and automatic weapons.

Ars Technica explains the short history of Cody Wilson's non-profit gun manufacturing program:

Last year, his group famously demonstrated that it could use a 3D-printed “lower” for an AR-15 semi-automatic rifle—but the gun failed after six rounds. Now, after some re-tooling, Defense Distributed has shown that it has fixed the design flaws and a gun using its lower can seemingly fire for quite a while. (The AR-15 is the civilian version of the military M16 rifle.) [Source]

The results can be seen in part 3 of their ongoing video series chronicling their development and improvement. Over 600 rounds of .223 ammunition are fired without fail using a 3D-printed "lower" for an AR-15, with Wilson stating that it likely could have gone to 1,000.



The ability for anyone to print a weapon could be one of the cornerstones for widespread freedom and resistance to top-down tyranny. Lawmakers such as Steve Israel have stated that any restrictions on 3D printing of weapons will be very difficult if not impossible to enforce, and the Justice Department has so far backed up their legality. As Tony Cartalucci has stated, it renders gun control moot; one would have to basically ban any personal use of 3D printers.

Preventing people from manufacturing guns, or worse yet, from possessing or using tools that can be used to create guns, is both ludicrous and impossible. Like with cars or anything else, laws are there to ensure we don't harm others by abusing any given right or implement - not preventing us from having those rights or implements responsibly in the first place. 

As the cost of production goes down, and states continue to assert their inherent rights to govern without federal interference, there will likely be a wave of non-profit and for-profit manufacturers alike, as Wilson states:

The law student said that anyone with the same type of 3D printer (“SLA resin and P400 ABS on a used Dimension”) could replicate his efforts with “9 to 12 hours” of print time and “$150 to $200” in parts. "We’ve proven that you can build one for $50,” he said, presuming the builder is using lower quality materials. (Dimensions typically sell in the $30,000 range—but Wilson says his results could be duplicated using the less-expensive Ultimaker ($1,500) or Reprap.”

With the ability for anyone, anywhere to be able to defend oneself and mobilize quickly against a growing threat, governments would have to think twice before heading down the road to tyranny. Certainly the government itself has signed on to 3D manufacturing. As reported by The Singularity Hub, the Army is deploying $2.8 million fabrication labs to the frontlines as part of an overall 3-year contract with Exponent, Inc. worth $9.7 million. The intention is to make this global.

While this video focuses on other aspects of 3D printing, and injects the well-worn marketing line that all of this will save lives in humanitarian efforts, to think this will not be used to produce guns and even drones would be naive, since Stratasys -- the manufacturer that gave Defense Distributed such a hard time -- is fully signed on to assist the military-industrial complex.

However, it appears that the everyday consumer (taxpayer) will not have to wait for military tech to trickle down to offer its scraps; the benefits of 3D printing are taking on a life of their own with or without government approval.



For more information about HackerSpaces, OpenCourseWare and 3D printing solutions to our political problems, visit LocalOrg.

Additional source:
http://livewire.talkingpointsmemo.com/entry/ny-congressman-introducing-ban-on-3d-printed-high

Updated 9/26/13

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