IRON TRIANGLES
Strangling Democracy
by Craig Collins, Ph.D.
The Government Bureaucracy
——The ConstitutionThe Constitution——
President Congress Courts
GOVERNMENT BUREAUCRACIESGOVERNMENT BUREAUCRACIESGOVERNMENT BUREAUCRACIESGOVERNMENT BUREAUCRACIES
Regulations & Subsidies
MAKE LAWS
• Approve Apts • Pass Budget
• Oversight & Investigation
• Ratify Treaties (Senate)
ENFORCE LAWS
• Appoint Heads
• Propose Laws/Budget
• Veto/Sign Laws
• Sign Treaties
INTERPRET
LAWS
Judicial Review
—Congressional Intent
—Constitutionality
—Procedural Violations
PRIVATE
INDUSTRIES
( Banking, Agri-Business, Energy/Oil, etc.)
PRIVATE
INDUSTRIES
( Banking, Agri-Business, Energy/Oil, etc.)
PUBLIC SERVICESPUBLIC SERVICES
(Medicare, Social Sec., Disaster Relief)
PUBLIC SERVICESPUBLIC SERVICES
(Medicare, Social Sec., Disaster Relief)
Collect Taxes Programs
Iron Triangles Warp GovernmentIron Triangles Warp Government
Government Agency
Or Department
Government Agency
Or Department
Congress (Key Committees)Congress (Key Committees)
President Courts
Private
Industry
Private
Industry
Congress
(key Congressional committees)
Congress
(key Congressional committees)
Private Industry
Government AgencyGovernment Agency
IRON TRIANGLES:IRON TRIANGLES:
Powerful, 3-way, mutually reinforcing policy-makingPowerful, 3-way, mutually reinforcing policy-making
relationships