The WHO has been pushing to negotiate a pandemic treaty or accord to better prepare the world for pandemic preparedness, prevention, and response, in parallel with a new set of amendments to the 2005 International Health Regulations (IHR). 

The IHR amendments were pushed to a vote at the 77th World Health Assembly (WHA) in 2024, less than 48 hours after negotiations on them finished. This haste was in blatant violation of the WHO's own procedural requirements. In December 2021, the WHA instituted the Intergovernmental Negotiating Body (INB) to negotiate the PA, but this body failed to reach agreement for the 2024 WHA.