Earlier this month, both chambers approved a budget blueprint that resulted from weeks of negotiations between the House and Senate, unlocking the reconciliation process being used to pass the package. In the coming weeks, the difficult work of passing Trump's legislative agenda begins in earnest.

Dubbed the "one, big, beautiful bill" by House Speaker Mike Johnson (R-La.), it is expected to consist of measures related to tax cuts, America's energy sector, and securing the border.

As a reconciliation bill, it would be immune from the 60-vote filibuster threshold in the Senate—but only if House Republicans can agree on a package first.

Given Republicans' narrow majority in the lower chamber—Johnson can spare no more than three defections—passing this package will be a herculean task for leadership. Johnson will need to keep both moderates and conservatives happy.

Here's what to know about the lingering disputes as Republicans move forward with drafting the text of their bill.

Border Security, Energy, and Defense

The core components of the Republican budget proposal unveiled by Senate Budget Committee Chairman Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.)—bolstering border security, funding energy expansion, and new defense appropriations—are generally non-controversial with broad swaths of Republicans.

In line with his chief policy priority during the 2024 presidential election, Trump and Republicans have sought to implement sweeping changes to how immigration and border security are handled.

That includes both ongoing efforts to stem the flow of illegal immigrants across the U.S. southern border with Mexico and what Trump has promised will be the "largest deportation operation in American history."

Funding will target increased deportation-related detentions by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), Immigration Court hearings, and removal operations. Beyond removals, the Trump administration is pursuing the finalized construction of a border wall between the United States and Mexico, Trump's main campaign promise in 2016.

Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas) has told The Epoch Times that he seeks to have his state "reimbursed" for its ongoing border security efforts under "Operation Lone Star" run by Gov. Greg Abbott (R-Texas).

"[I want some] reimbursing [of] the State of Texas for the billions they've spent dealing with Joe Biden and the Democrats' failure to secure the border," Cruz told The Epoch Times on March 31.