This is an open source project to prove, replicate, characterize, optimize, and advance this possible overunity primary energy generation system.

Project Status  In process of building first prototype to prove the concept. This design has not been built yet but is still theoretical. more 

This PESWiki page is the primary home page for the H2earth Institute's project to build, test, and demonstrate a "Geovoltaic Energy Pump" for practical home power applications, based on the Tesla Switch. All aspects of this design are derived from public domain technology, including items which were the subject of U.S. and foreign PCT patents which are now expired,technologies which were originally published instead of being patented, and design constructs which were originally disclosed more than 20 years ago, which, even if patented, have long since passed into the public domain. Due credit and appreciation is herby given to Nikola Tesla, Ron Brandt, Joseph Newman, Ron Cole, John Bedini, Tom Bearden, Peter Lindemann, and Patrick Kelly for their respective contributions to this configuration. The sponsors of this project pledge to implement the Appleseed Declaration with respect to any commercial ventures which evolve from the effort to utilize this technology, and request that any unaffiliated products derived from this design be developed under similar arrangements.

Background

Tesla understood that the resistance of lines or components, viewed from the dynamo end, seemed to be an impossible “barrier? for charge carriers to penetrate. This barrier caused the “bunching? effect. Electrostatic charges were literally stopped and held for an instant by line resistance, a barrier which only existed during the brief millisecond interval in which the power switch was closed. The sudden force application against this virtual barrier squeezed charge into a density impossible to obtain with ordinary capacitors. It was the brief application of power, the impact of the charge against the resistance barrier, which brought this abnormal electro-densified condition. -- Gerry Vassilatos, Secrets of Cold War Technology as quoted in The Free Energy Secrets of Cold Electricity by Peter Lindemann

The Tesla Switch apparently made its first public appearance of the modern era in the early 1980s, in a unit the size of a cigar box, demonstrated by Ron Brandt, who was said to have worked for Nicola Tesla many years before, in his youth. Brandt was reputed to operate an electric car with the Switch, without external recharging, exactly as Tesla himself is said to have done. Brandt reportedly claimed no proprietary ownership of the technology, saying it was a Tesla invention which was never patented. Other instances of this [configuration] apparently exist historically, as well. Brought to the attention of John Bedini, a Tesla Switch based on Brandt's schematic was rigorously tested by Bedini in 1984, the results of which were published in a report later that year by Mike Mueller for the Tesla Book Company. In 1995, Tom Bearden published a paper entitled, "Bedini's Method for Forming Negative Resistors in Batteries" This paper elaborated on the theory of the technique, but is a dense read and contained no illustrations; consequently, it did not gain the recognition for the effect nor inspire its use in the way that it otherwise might have. Five years later, John Bedini would file the first of several patents for related battery charging devices, based on proprietary magnet/coil configurations.

However, on July 27, 2007, the "Practical Guide to Free Energy Devices" (Patrick Kelly, Editor) released an updated document, which newly [outlined and illustrated] the Tesla Switch in a clear and concise way as never before, bringing practical design information that had been obscured in other writings on the subject for at least 25 years. To a global team of 65 research associates in 16 countries collaborating in realtime on deciphering Stan Meyer's Water Fuel Cell, this proved to be the Rosetta Stone.

Upon investigation, it became apparent that the switched potential function of the device, in which Voltage translates instantaneously, but the flow of Current is slower to propagate, and is interrupted by the Switch before a closed circuit is actually in effect, is the single mechanism common to all legitimate FE/OU electromagnetic devices, of every description, from Coler (1945) to Stoern (2007) - including the Water Fuel Cell - and likely many prior to that as well. The underlying switch dynamic is one articulated by Tesla in a variety of writings and patents throughout his career. Supported by analysis of the Gray Tube by Bedini and Lindemann, and of the energy yield from Spark Gap Discharges by Aleck, and other sources, the switch itself was rapidly realized to be the key everyone has been looking for all these years. All of the rotating machinery, the coils and magnets, armatures and flywheels and counterweights, are all bit players in the drama; the switched potential is the star of the show. It is where the free energy (known as "Radiant Energy" by Tesla, "Quantum Vacuum Energy" by Bearden, and "Zero-Point Energy" to most of the FE/OU Movement) is entrained, captured or otherwise somehow originally manifest; the permanent magnets and coils of wire are simply ways of amplifying and manipulating this energy. Failure to recognize this fact is why no FE/OU device has become practical until now.

Design

The GVEP consists of a Tesla Switch utilizing a rotary mechanical contactor in lieu of solid state components to control cross charging among a standard residential battery bank of 12v lead-acid deep cycle batteries, arranged in groups of four. An enhanced version of the Energy Machine of Joseph Newman, herein, the "Newmach Module(s)", is/are used to drive the rotary mechanism, with the Newman Commutator and Tesla Switch sharing a common contactor disk assembly. This choice not only provides a suitable motor to rotate the disk which consumes virtually no power to drive it (nanoamps), but also contributes a positive back pulse of high voltage at the switching frequencies of the battery array, which is additive to the overall energy balance of the system. Unlike other possible drivers for a rotary contactor, the Newmach Modules can be made compact, with a minimum of moving parts, are not encumbered by patent rights (disclosed and published in-depth in 1984, its 1983 PCT patent expiring in 2000), and can be substantially improved over its nominal observed and replicated level of performance.

Driver Mechanism

Based on Joseph Newman's expired 1983 PTC Patent WO8300963 (Figure 6), the proposed Newman Modules are enhanced over the stock Newman design in four important ways. [1] A new generation of Neodymium-Iron-Born (NdFeB) magnets are to be utilized, [N-50 Class, Ni-Cu-Ni clad, Remanance 1400 - 1450 (BrmT), Max. Energy Product 48 - 51 (BH)max(MGO), Coercive Force ≥10.0 Hcb (KOe), Intrinsic Coercive Force ≥11 Hci (KOe), as described in the paper "Motor Design Advancements Using NdFeB Magnets" [2] In the book "Manual of Free Energy Devices and Systems" by D.A. Kelly (1991), Electrodyne Corporation reports that Tinned Copper Wire produces a 3x improvement in magnetic field strength when used in Newman coils, over regular copper wire. [3] A ferric steel keeper will be employed, to concentrate magnetic flux, resulting in a 3x performance improvement, as demonstrated by Lindemann in the lecture ["Electric Motor Secrets"]. [4] The use of Bifilar wire will increase the energy release per pulse by a factor of 250,000x, as per Tesla U.S. Patent 512,340. While Newman has spent the past decade re-engineering his system to reduce the Back EMF negative current spikes in favor of more mechanical energy, resulting in a completely different machine configuration, the Institute believes that his device was far more valuable in its original embodiment, when in a context which permits those spikes to be properly utilized, as presented here.

While a large Newman Energy Machine, which itself puts out all of the power necessary for an average home, will generate back spikes so powerful that they will destroy conventional batteries, when integrated as the driver mechanism for a Tesla Switch, and scaled down to simply drive the rotary switch mechanism, the spikes are of a reasonable magnitude which complements the self--charging operation of the battery array. Moreover, these "negative current" pulses (which are actually positive {+} polarity, or rather, a 'current of holes'), must be matched with an electron source in order to generate the conventional current flow that provide a useful charge to the battery bank. In the GVEP, much smaller Newman devices are used, which are far more efficient, and are properly integrated with home-scale battery infrastructure.

Tesla Switch

The Tesla Switch creates a pulsed current flow between four 12v, Lead-acid batteries in an array (in the anticipated system, three such arrays operate together, or 12 batteries in all). Through some mechanism of radiant energy entrainment, net energy is captured within the battery system in this process. The rate of entrainment charging adjusts itself to the external load being drawn from the batteries; the greater the discharge to load, the faster external energy is captured from the active vacuum. The switching rate also determines the rate of charge, and must be kept in a range (20cps to 800cps, TBD) which, in relation to the [then] load, does not damage the batteries from excessive charge.

Those who have been involved with FE/OU experiments have consistently reported that in various radiant energy devices, electromechanical switching yields superior results to solid state electronics. When using solid state components, PNP transistors are widely preferred over NPN transistors, however, the reason for this has only recently become apparent: atmospheric electrons from the local environment can enter the circuit in a PNP device, but not through an NPN. A picture emerges that radiant currents do not behave in the same manner as electron currents. Dr. Lindemann recommends beginning with mechanical contactors to eliminate sources of error, before taking a FE/OU system to a solid state architecture. In the documentary "Energy from the Vacuum", Part 2, Bedini himself features a "transistor-free" version of his motor, which is the one he says 'will run forever', while Stan Meyer filed U.S. Patent 4,613,779, on an Electric Pulse Generator to be used with his Water Fuel Cell, with the following Background:

"Power supplies for electrical systems have been utilized for a century or so. As time progressed new uses of electrical systems placed a need for more sophisticated systems. One particular utilization is the need for power transfer to the utilization device but yet with the requirement that there be power isolation. The advancement of electronics and power devices such as SCRs, Triacs and the such, appeared to be an obvious solution to such a power transfer. Current limiting circuits also were developed. Unfortunately, the solution was not met. The electronic devices in most instances could not limit or tolerate high power. Finally, it became apparent that the electrical systems, with this type of current limiting requirement necessitated electrical power supplies--not electronic."