With the economy still reeling from the effects of the devastating financial crisis in 2010-11, Portugal has been rocked by a series of corruption scandals which go to the very core of the political and financial establishments.

None other than José Socrates, Prime Minister from 2005 to 2011, is being held in custody in connection with money laundering, tax evasion and corruption charges; the figures involved are rumored to be in the many millions. A number of top officials of the current government have also been detained on graft charges targeting wealthy foreigners – mostly Chinese – seeking Portuguese residency under the "golden visa" scheme.

Earlier in the year, Grupo Espírito Santo, a significant conglomerate that owned a large stake in BES, one of Portugal's largest private banks, failed spectacularly, after dodgy accounting practices and money transfers supposedly intended to fool regulators and investors could no longer remain hidden. Here we have the blue blood of Portuguese finance, with close ties to major domestic