This wasn't faith without works or words without action. The movement began with the bishops and was spread by the bishops. It might be considered one of the first popular movements in the medieval west, beginning in 989 at the monastery at Charroux, and then spreading in subsequent years to Le Puy (990), Narbonne (990), Limoges (994), and Poiters (1000). Orleans and Burgundy subsequently followed. The assemblies were held in open fields, with ever-larger crowds participating.