Come Feb. 1, the nearly 42 million low-income Americans on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP, can expect major changes.

The United States' largest nutrition assistance program has been a funding flash point for the second Trump administration, taking center stage during the 43-day 2025 government shutdown when the U.S. Department of Agriculture said in October that it would not pay the next month's benefits.

The bill that ended the shutdown restored funding for the program after a series of lawsuits filed by states challenged payment pauses, eligibility requirements and requests from the federal government for sensitive citizen data. Even so, Trump's "One Big Beautiful Bill," passed last summer, already included major changes to the program, including tightened work requirements and billions in funding cuts.

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SNAP recipients must adhere to increased work requirements beginning Feb. 1 as part of the bill. Here's what to know.