Tye Arab world today is dominated by the United States, who are intent on exploiting it and hindering its development. However, numerous revolts, in Palestine, Syria, Iraq, Yemen and Bahreïn, attest to a will to resistance which is in contrast to the voluntary servitude of the Europeans.

This game, entirely controlled by Washington since Henry Kissinger's diplomatic successes, has been upset, on the one hand, by the Russian military intervention in Syria and, on the other hand, by the return of Chinese commerce, which dominated the Mediterranean in late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. It is in this context that President Xi Jinping has undertaken journeys to Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the Islamic Republic of Iran, with the aim of opening up sections of a new communications route which will be, according to the slogan of the Chinese leader since 2013 – « a beltway, a road ».